The hottest green packaging industry at home and a

Green packaging industry and development ideas at home and abroad (III)

2. The current situation and comparison of the post-treatment industry of green packaging industry at home and abroad (1) paper packaging

recycles and classifies a large number of waste paper and paper packaging products in the society. Waste paper is an important renewable resource. Developed countries have taken waste paper recycling as a national policy with the legal situation. Different countries have different classification standards for different basic uses. For example, the United States divides waste paper into 11 categories, Hungary divides waste paper into 5 categories, etc. China's waste purchase station divides cartons (boxes) into one category, waste newspapers into one category, waste book paper into one category, and garbage paper into one category

this classification method is very primitive, and good materials cannot be used for good purposes, wasting resources

Japan ranks first in the world in the effective use of repealed technology. Here is an introduction to Japan for our learning and reference

current situation of waste paper utilization in Japan:

in 1996, the output of paper and paperboard in Japan was 30.01 million tons, and the fiber raw materials used in papermaking were 29.94 million tons, including 13.84 million tons of pulp, 16.05 million tons of waste paper, and 50000 tons of others

the consumption of waste paper has exceeded that of pulp for the first time since 90 years. In the future, the demand for waste paper consumption will increase year by year. Japan, which uses waste paper as raw material for papermaking, can be said to have established a position above pulp

from the actual performance in 1996, the utilization rate of waste paper was 53.6%. Compared with the utilization rate of 41.8% in 1980, the utilization rate increased by 12% in these 16 years

under the background of the sharp rise in the utilization rate of waste paper, energy prices have been rising due to the impact of two oil crises. From the perspective of saving resources and energy, people naturally pay attention to the utilization of waste paper. In addition, due to the long-term rising trend of wood prices, these problems are becoming more and more profound in many areas due to the shortage of treatment plants and the sharp increase of paper waste. In order to reduce the amount of garbage, positive and effective measures have been taken to implement payment assistance for recycled waste paper, especially for carton base paper, newspaper paper, and the transformation from pulp to abolished raw materials is rapidly underway. In terms of the utilization rate of waste paper, from the proportion of paper and paperboard, the utilization rate of paper is 27.2%, while the utilization rate of paperboard accounts for 87.8%. It goes without saying that the utilization rate of paperboard is quite high

therefore, there are many ways to recycle waste paper in China by adopting V-shaped style and Mayer impact samples: mainly, recyclers recycle waste paper from various channels such as families, shopping streets, supermarkets, carton factories and printing factories, and then directly deliver it to wholesale companies (or comprehensive trading houses) for concentration, where it is sorted and packaged, and then sent to paper mills

in Japan, private enterprises are the main body, and the recovery efficiency is quite high. But on the other hand, due to the decline in the price of waste paper and the cost of recycling and sorting, the recycling of waste paper has been limited to a certain extent. Recently, due to the increasing cases of direct waste paper recycling or payment of subsidies for waste paper recycling in various regions, the role of administrative responsibilities is being expanded

after many twists and turns, Japan's paper industry has overcome various difficulties, established the status of waste paper as the main raw material for paper making, won the attention and understanding of the society, adapted to the trend of the development of the times, and made a greater contribution to environmental protection and the development of green packaging

in 1996, the recycling rate of waste paper in Japan was as high as 78%, while that in China was only 23%. The gap is quite obvious

(2) plastic packaging

the environmental pollution caused by waste plastic packaging products has been highly valued by governments all over the world. The industry has also taken various measures and technologies to deal with it and put the control cabinet down. Before the 1980s, the main treatment methods were incineration and landfill, but now they are gradually replaced by other comprehensive utilization methods. At present, it is mainly mechanical regeneration, depolymerization, pyrolysis, liquefaction and gasification

① waste polyester (PET) packaging recycling function:

pet is one of the widely used materials in the packaging field since the 1980s. However, at present, the promotion and application of the recycling technology of polyester packaging products in China is still in its infancy, and there are 10000 ton devices in China for small-scale industrial experiments. Domestic experts believe that using chemical recovery method is a promising recovery way. The annual output of polyester bottles in China is more than 5billion, and a large number of polyester bottles are put into the market, which will cause great environmental pollution after consumption. After recycling, resources and energy can be saved and economic benefits can be achieved. This recycling technology should be vigorously promoted and corresponding factories should be established

note: technical contents and indicators of waste polyester (PET) packaging recycling (chemical method)

pet can become an important packaging material, on the one hand, because it has excellent performance and characteristics, on the other hand, its use value and recycling value are higher than other materials. Due to the structural characteristics of polyester and the high melting point (260 ℃) and the close melting point to the decomposition temperature, it is easy to degrade and decompose discoloration when heated, and the physical and mechanical properties are poor. Therefore, it is not suitable to adopt physical recovery methods, and using chemical recovery methods is a promising recovery method

a. hydrolyze to prepare terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, and then reproduce polyester resin

b. direct pyrolysis to produce terephthalic acid, dioctyl plasticizer and modified polyester hot-melt adhesive

c. diol ester is prepared by light, and then unsaturated polyester resin or polyurethane is synthesized

practice has proved that C is an extremely effective recovery method, and its technical core is the selective preparation of modified diol esters from waste PET. Its key points are:

a) the selection of diol ester modifier

b) control of alcoholysis end point

c) use and selection of dispersive solvents

diols, unsaturated polyester resins or polyurethane produced by chemical methods are also widely used engineering materials and packaging materials, with extremely significant social and economic benefits

② development and application of waste plastic oiling technology

now this technology is actively developed at home and abroad, and some enterprises are put into production. China is not willing to lag behind, and this technology is also actively developed and invested in small batches. However, no matter which country develops this project, it must face two obstacles: technology and economy, mainly difficult to compete with the price of crude oil

and it needs to be purified to no non hydrocarbon components (such as halogen and metal). In China, the development of pyrolysis and liquefaction technology of waste plastics is very active, which generally becomes the oiling technology of waste plastics. It uses a high-performance catalyst "platinum zirconium carbide" to "depolymerize" high-density ethylene or polypropylene plastics through a certain pressure and temperature, and makes the hydrocarbon elements in plastic particles connect with long-chain hydrocarbons again, that is, liquid petroleum, and can produce products that meet the national and diesel and gasoline standards

this technology has the following characteristics:

a. the product market and raw material sources are broad. China's annual packaging reaches 3.6 million tons. If 70% of waste plastic is recycled, 2.52 million tons of plastic can be recycled every year. For the production of 1.76 million tons of gasoline and diesel oil, it is best to use oil according to the requirements of the instructions

b. the oil production rate of this technology is more than 75%, and the profit rate is about 40%. If necessary devices are installed, liquefied gas and carbon black can also be recovered, with better benefits

c. by changing the catalyst, it can also produce other chemical products in short supply in the market, such as toluene, xylene and pure benzene, without any drift or change in the displayed zero indication

if one third of the waste plastics in the country are converted into fuel oil, it can add no less than 2million tons of pure fuel oil for the country, and obtain a profit of 5.6 billion yuan

③ development and application of technology for producing high-strength flame retardant composite wood plastics from waste plastics

this technology is a new composite material made of thermoplastic resin as the matrix, wood cellulose as well as a variety of chemical additives through high-temperature mixing. Once the product came out, it was popular and achieved a good substitute effect

there are many molding methods for plastic composite products, including extrusion, molding, injection, vacuum molding, etc. This product has dual properties of wood and plastic, and is widely used. It is an effective way to use waste plastic clubs. It can be used in wood processing or wood products enterprises

④ recycling technology of polystyrene foaming materials

⑤ study on degradable polystyrene foaming lunch box, composting and soilless culture substrate

⑥ produce coated fertilizer from waste plastics

(3) metal packaging

over the past 20 years of reform and opening up, China's packaging industry has developed rapidly, and the backward situation of "first-class products, second-class packaging, and third-class prices" has been fundamentally changed. These achievements are obvious to all, but we should also clearly realize that today, when the world pays attention to the environment and development, the environmental pollution caused by the production process of packaging products and the massive increase of packaging waste have not received the due attention of the packaging industry. In the process of the rapid development of the packaging industry, no favorable measures have been taken in the rational use of resources, energy conservation, reduction of pollution in the life process of packaging products, and the exercise, treatment and recycling of packaging waste, which has become a resistance to the healthy development of the packaging industry and should also attract widespread attention of the society. In the total amount of packaging, it is urgent to rapidly increase the proportion of our green packaging. Therefore, in the national packaging industry "Ninth Five Year Plan" development plan and 2010 long-term goals, the development of green packaging, reducing environmental pollution caused by packaging, protecting and improving the ecological environment, and promoting the sustainable development of the national economy will be taken as the strategic main direction

(to be continued)