The hottest National Packaging City is full of ups

Packaging cities across the country are surging with hidden worries

recently, there has been a trend in the industry to build packaging cities, raw and auxiliary materials cities, hardware cities and so on. There are two packaging cities in Putuo District and Jiading District of Shanghai, the Asian packaging center in Hangzhou is under construction, and there will also be packaging cities in Guangdong. What does the prosperity of Packaging City mean? An economist was interviewed for this

industrial competitiveness after China's accession to the WTO

Professor Yin xiangshuo, deputy director of the Department of world economics and doctoral supervisor of Fudan University, pointed out that after China's accession to the WTO, the entire economy will be more integrated into the global economy, and all walks of life will also face more fierce competition. In this case, how to participate in international competition depends not only on "natural conditions", but also on "human factors". It is generally believed that China's accession to the WTO will be conducive to the play of China's existing comparative advantages. Since China's comparative advantage also lies in a large number of labor, in general, China will have international competitiveness in labor-intensive industries, while it has no advantage in capital intensive and human capital intensive industries. So is there a comparative advantage between China's packaging and printing industry and the rest of the world? It can be said that China's packaging and printing industry, like many other manufacturing industries, will have certain advantages, because China's manufacturing industry can use a large number of cheap labor, but it is mainly reflected in low-quality packaging and printing production. Since high-quality products generally require more capital and technology investment, China has little comparative advantage over developed countries. So, are many industries in China only able to compete in labor-intensive, low-tech and low-quality products? In terms of economic theory, this is not the case. Because the competitiveness of an industry depends not only on its comparative advantage, but also on economies of scale and agglomeration effects

"Shanghai International Packaging and printing city" is taking such a step. "Shanghai International Packaging & Printing City" is the first industrial comprehensive center integrating exhibition and sales, commerce, scientific research and production in China, and may also be the first experimental center to use market mechanism to promote industry agglomeration, expand the industry and improve industry competitiveness

secondly, the whole "Shanghai International Packaging and printing city" starting from the central business district (CBD) is also in line with the current economic reality, because now the vast majority of production in the world is demand-oriented. In this sense, production is not the most important. Sales, logistics, information, research and development are more important than pure production. The reason why the agglomeration of industrial production can produce economies of scale at the aviation interior decoration exhibition held in Hamburg is that enterprises gather together, which is conducive to the faster dissemination of information, the smoother sales channels, the more frequent and non repetitive research and development, and the more efficient allocation of production factors

finally, it is also appropriate to put "Shanghai International Packaging and printing city" in Shanghai. Although economies of scale are the same everywhere, packaging and printing, especially high-quality packaging and printing, are relatively capital and technology intensive, and Shanghai has advantages in capital and technology compared with other regions in the country. Therefore, putting this gathering center in Shanghai can not only obtain economies of scale, but also obtain comparative advantages in capital and technology

did the old industrial base also follow the construction of the packaging city?

Liu Shijin, the development research center of the State Council, pointed out that the old industrial base was basically formed under the conditions of the planned economy. The internal enterprises are large and complete, small and complete, and the enterprises are segmented. Formally, there are a large number of enterprises in a region, but the degree of specialization is very low. This form can only be said to be an enterprise concentration area, which is substantially different from the industrial agglomeration mentioned above. For many years, we have been trying to revitalize the old industrial base by developing the equipment industry. With the adjustment and upgrading of China's industrial structure and the development of manufacturing industry with high technological content and added value, the equipment industry is likely to usher in important development opportunities. However, it is hard to say whether this opportunity must belong to the old industrial base. If the old industrial base cannot form a new specialized division of labor system through enterprise reform and market development, and realize the transformation from traditional industrial areas to industrial agglomeration in the sense of market economy, it will miss this opportunity. In people's impression, Zhejiang's industry is characterized by "light", but in Ningbo, there has been an industrial cluster composed of more than 0 plastic machinery enterprises with 1001 car factories and battery factories investing in key battery resources, including the best domestic and internationally competitive injection molding machine manufacturers. China's equipment industry is expected to develop greatly, but the equipment manufacturing center, at least part of the production base, is likely to undergo regional transfer. For the old industrial base, on the one hand, it is necessary to create conditions and make good use of opportunities. On the other hand, it is not necessary to bet on the equipment industry, because the production base formed in the planned economy period often cannot fully reflect the local advantages, especially the new advantages formed in recent years. Under the new historical conditions, there will be other industries that can form industrial agglomeration and competitiveness. In this regard, some old industrial bases have had successful cases

administrative reinvestment will inevitably further increase the risk

it is understood that there is another Packaging City in Jiading District, Shanghai, which will soon be completed. Construction is under way in the Asian packaging center in Hangzhou, and there will also be packaging cities in Guangdong. Industry insiders believe that building a packaging city is a good thing, but attracting "phoenix" is the most important

Liu Shijin said that as mentioned above, the transaction and production costs of related products in those regions with mature industrial agglomeration are significantly lower than those in other regions. In this way, if other regions make repeated investments in these products, especially the administrative duplication driven by the government, and promote the investment of Xinlun composite materials to become the largest supplier of aluminum-plastic film for power lithium batteries in China, they will face greater risks, higher probability of failure and greater losses. In this sense, industrial agglomeration is a powerful constraint on administrative duplication. The problem is that a considerable number of local governments have not yet realized this. Since last year, the explosive growth of the automobile industry has stimulated many local governments to have and prepare to embark on automobile manufacturing projects, with the focus on assembly projects. Automobile industry is an industry with high requirements for industrial agglomeration. There are only a few regions in China that really have the potential for industrial agglomeration. Automobile manufacturing projects outside these regions have a high probability of failure from the beginning

how to effectively promote industrial agglomeration? When the correlation between industrial agglomeration and industrial competitiveness is significantly improved, for a region, how to promote local industrial agglomeration has become a basic problem for the development of industry and the whole economy. In this regard, the diamond theory proposed by Professor Porter in the article "national competitive advantage" has certain reference value. Of course, it is only a reference value, not only because the theory itself is imperfect, but also because China's national conditions are significantly different from those studied by Professor Porter. In terms of how to promote industrial agglomeration, the role of the government should be clarified first. Some localities learn from Zhejiang to develop a "massive economy". The government stipulates that a certain place develop a certain product or industry, stipulates that some enterprises provide support for other enterprises, and uses administrative methods to artificially "create markets". Such practices will make things wrong and lose the essence of Zhejiang's development of a "massive economy", that is, industrial agglomeration. The most important function of the government is to create an open and fair market environment and provide good public services. If we are a little more skilled, we can do some work to improve the quality of production factors, such as training, providing information, etc. as for what kind of industrial agglomeration can be formed, we should believe in the power of the market